Broadcasting of the BBC Documentary ‘The Secret Policeman’ Essay

On Tuesday 21st October 2003, the BBC’s narrative The Secret Policeman was communicated to around 5 million watchers in Britain. Imprint Daly, a covert correspondent had gone through seven months acting like a kindred learner at the Bruche National Training Center in Cheshire to film an expos㠯⠿â ½ on bigotry among police initiates. The film gave proof of police prejudice as well as featured the cliché portrayals of Black character inside Western philosophy. In this paper I propose to examine how the British media’s portrayal of Blacks has, as opposed to reflecting reality, developed it. My exploration overwhelmingly centers around proof assembled from racial reports and hypotheses of the 1980’s until the current day and looks at the turn of events, assuming any, inside race portrayal in the media. Pre-1980’s contextual investigations are by and large discarded in view of the fast improvement of conversation of racial issues as a response to the ruthless mobs of that decade. Moreover, the institutional and individual generalizing uncovered inside The Secret Policeman can be legitimately identified with pervasive issues explicitly inside the media of the past two decades. Disputably, I eventually mean to portray The Secret Policeman as an image of progression in Black portrayal inside Britain. â€Å"The utilization of the term ‘Black bastard’ and ‘Nigger’†¦ isn’t racist† The Secret Policeman’s consideration of a clasp of bigot comments by the Police Federation’s Representative in 1983 is an exact impression of the racial unrest that Britain’s Institutions and networks were in. Dark wilderness was a picture that overwhelmed the Press investigating riots from 1980 †85. An overwhelmingly Black mob against at Bristol’s police power in 1980 was trailed by further angry episodes in 1981. The initial two years of mobs picked up Britain’s (especially youthful) West Indian people group the notoriety for being â€Å"notorious for muggings, attacks and murders†2 yet in any case introduced a slight introductory enthusiasm into the consciousness of the hidden causes. The size of Britain’s urban agitation between these years differed extensively however the succession of savagery after 1980 constrained the political plan to incorporate an assessment of the beginnings of the fights. The Press utilized Brixton (1 981) to feature the requirement for improved Government monetary approaches; â€Å"As we censure the silly terror†¦ we additionally denounce the profound situated social problems†¦which generated them.† From 1983 to 1985 Britain’s poor and overwhelmingly West Indian and Asian neighborhoods experienced social unsettling influences, similar to the case in 1981. Again, the media embraced the mobs as the criminal demonstrations of dark, downtown young people yet this time they were not connected to ethnic disparity, abuse or financial dissatisfaction however just to the Blacks’ position in the public arena and their subverting of the law and social conventions of the minority networks themselves. The British press’s response to the noticeable quality of uproars especially during 1985 was to decay both for the most part to analyze the purposes behind them and explicitly to think about ethnical disparity as a reason. Subjects of movement, lodging, business, social offices and race relations inside the metro specialists that were fundamental to the reasons for the urban brutality, were deserted for rough rearrangements that spoke to Blacks as the sole initiators of the savagery. The criminal personality with which the media had marked Blacks was not completely invented. Narrative proof of provocative statements and reiteration of inconsistent stories would consistently ‘operate inside a prevailing system of truth’4. Violations including Blacks were given lopsided inclusion that proposed a conduct speculation that could never be recommended of Whites. Generalizing was by all account not the only type of prejudice; all the more secretly the press would avoid or confuse insights, for example, those that demonstrated Blacks to be twice as liable to be jobless as their partners. The inclusion of Tottenham’s 1985 uproar gave less exposure to the demise of a need lady than the resulting aggravations in which a police constable was killed. The policeman’s job as a casualty completely dominated the grieving of the attacker that the Black casualty was committed to. ‘The point of view inside which minorities individuals are introduced as customary citizenry has gotten progressively dominated by a news viewpoint in which they are introduced as a problem.’ Teun. A. Van Dijk was exceptionally impacted by Hartmann and Husband’s early investigation of bigotry in the press which finished up the above marking of Blacks. As indicated by Van Dijk the uproars were topicalized in a style unmistakable over the whole media front; the occasion, the causes and the outcomes. In opposition to utilizing these editorial characteristics to research all territories of the mobs, Britain’s media controlled it as a methods for covering particular information. The occasion was portrayed as the assaults of ‘mobs’ of dark adolescents; so as to keep up the improvement once the unsettling influence was over the essential meaning of the reason for the mobs was as far as Black culpability in inclination to the downtown conditions. At last, the absolution of Institutional Britain was empowered through the report’s center into future regulation, policing and requests. The report example of Black crowd, Black wrongdoing and Black ant icipation was run of the mill of an entire generation’s intuitive way to deal with Black Britain. The media’s reaction to the 1980’s uproars made and spewed pictures of Black male lawbreakers. Blacks in non-race stories were not viewed as newsworthy. Reassuringly by the 1980’s Black was on the political plan; anyway by 1985 it had been consigned from the social issue a few reporters had seen, by means of a social issue to a social insidiousness. On the off chance that the media’s authoritative reports and publications in the 1980’s were classed as a scarcely camouflaged faith in White matchless quality, The Secret Policeman unusually that that demeanor to Blacks is as solid today as ever it was at that point. â€Å"I’m a firm devotee that Paki’s make racism.† â€Å"Most Asians convey knives.† â€Å"The thing in London is, most of road burglary is Black† In 1982 the Commission for Racial Equality distributed the primary code of training on taking out segregation and advancing equivalent chances, which was quickly distinguished by a Daily Telegraph article as ‘bossy nonsense’. Ostensibly the code of training was counter-beneficial. Assaults on against supremacist and equivalent rights developments were at their tallness during the time of 1983 to 1986, when Black became Britain’s affection for social aggravations. Obstruction towards such developments was blamed for mixing racial pressure through over the top political accuracy. For a great part of the press, bigotry was a fabricated issue of the counter supremacist left, found in sociology research programs, against bigot ventures and multi-social training. The counter supremacist social learning process made allegations of ‘anti-English’ teaching in this manner representing a danger to White elitism, predominance and control. Thatcher’s Instit utionally conservative Britain characterized itself as a hero of the assaults from the left that they accepted supported exceptional treatment of multicultural Britain. Fundamentally, the quick Government reaction to The Secret Policeman covert examination was given by the home secretary David Blunkett, who condemned the BBC for their â€Å"intent to make, not report, a story†¦as a clandestine trick to get attention† As per the Guardian’s latest insights, ethnic minorities make up 9% of the UK’s populace. In increasingly urban regions, for example, Greater Manchester where The Secret Policeman was recorded, this rate is accepted to arrive at figures as high as 30%. Be that as it may, the narrative demonstrated Warrington police preparing base to comprise of 118 white and one Asian select. Strikingly, Black individuals in are hugely under-spoke to in Parliament. New Western social orders despite everything show numerous types of institutional and ordinary segregation that David Blunkett apparently would have liked to excuse with a comparable reaction to the 1980’s basic investigation of supremacist exposs. Longer than a month prior to The Secret Policeman was communicated, John Gieve, the perpetual Secretary at the Home Office kept in touch with the BBC a letter that they depicted as ‘unprecedented’ strain to menace them into pulling back the program. The central constable of Greater Manchester Police additionally scared the BBC with the danger of a ‘Hutton-style’ request that â€Å"could demolish the BBC’s relationship with the police†. Imprint Daly’s work inside the police power was stopped when captured on doubt of trickiness and harming police property; charges were dropped when embarrassingly for the police, general society were educated regarding the institutional bigotry. The Observer paper considered the Whitehall and police opposition deserving of its first page title text ‘Home Office ‘tried to axe’ BBC police race expos’. Features are painstakingly contrived as a terse rundown of the story. They rapidly bestow information in a manner which encourages both comprehension and review. The features of news reports about ethnic undertakings sum up occasions that the media’s white scholastics, instructors, essayists and political activists characterize as applicable to white and dark readers’ interests. The media’s control of features sensationalized the 1980’s enemy of bigotry just to stress the Western belief system of Black negativ

Exploring Value of Project Management †Free Samples to Students

Question: Examine about the Exploring Value of Project Management. Answer: Presentation: I had examined my jobs and obligations into the task as a specialist. Mir and Pinnington (2014) expressed that a designer is included into calling work to relate science to most ideal interpretation of assets of nature so as to give advantages to the colleagues. In the venture, my job is a designer. My principle obligations are to initially comprehend the reason just as destinations of this venture work. I had worked by the task timescales and in planned expense. I had created the task expectations to being concurred with venture details. I had created of new innovative answers for defeat with the undertaking issues. In this manner, I needed to lead the task work with utilization of my specialized information and abilities. During the building configuration process, my obligation is to characterize the task related issues, lead explore and examine the arrangements (Dolce Di Bucci 2014). I had applied methods of building examination to test, deliver and keep up the venture work. At the point when an undertaking fizzled, I had decided the reasons for disappointment and test the task yield to proceed with its quality. I had included into duty to build up the undertaking results for valuable purposes. I had contributed towards fruitful association and towards useful inspiration (Verzuh 2015). As, I had built up the destinations of the undertaking by audit of the venture proposition and plan. I had recognized my designing duties by distinguishing proof of task stages with audit of the offers from the contractual workers. My jobs and duties as a specialist are connected with the ideas into Trevelyan course book. In this book, it is examined that a designer is gone about as a pioneer into the venture with specialized job with no administration obligations. As a pioneer, it is required to comprehend venture prerequisites and afterward the specialist can move others to work into it. The specialist can exhibit its capacity for initiative in different extracurricular jobs like assistance to oversee exercises into the general public (Tripathi Goyal 2014).The architect showed its ability for authority through low maintenance work recorded. As identified with the course book and my own obligations, I filled in as a manager with utilization of building abilities to work out the administration aptitudes. Specialist can organize with own work and afterward team up productively with another individuals. Supportability into building I had examined the manageability into designing. Drain (2014) exhibited that practical building depends on the standards which bolster feasible turn of events. The reasonable specialist can configuration, execute and produce maintainable answers for the specialized issues. In my perspective, the standards of maintainable building are assessing dynamic for look into just as mechanical ventures. They are additionally worried into dynamic watches the financing of mechanical research. Verzuh (2015) contended that manageability building accomplishes of the objectives, for example, decrease of waste, materials the board, contamination counteraction and furthermore improvement of item. As, I had discovered that designing incorporates of continuous approaches to propel procedures and items to form them progressively creative from an ecological just as economical perspective. Every one of the methodologies depends on see plausible effects into space just as time. Maintainability can prompt better building arrangements as driving towards the designing procedures to decide. It is a procedure to plan the framework with the end goal that vitality just as assets is reasonable (Kerzner 2013).Each of the building disciplines is locked in into supportable structure. Different sorts of starts are accepted, for example, investigation of life cycle, anticipation of contamination, structure of the earth just as planning for reusing. Nicholas and Steyn (2017) referenced that characteristic assets are the modern undertakings which are adding to the social just as efficient well creatures. Inside the building procedure, consolidation of manageability into the items, forms and furthermore specialized frameworks intends to incorporate of natural and social factors inside structure assessment. In view of ideas of supportability designing, it gives building arrangements as presentation of center ideas of key reasonable turn of events, organized arranging and furthermore dynamic model for accommodation into genuine issues (Nicholas Steyn 2017). It gives a framework arranged maintainability structure to the designers so they can improve condition just as social components. The scale and trouble of the issues are associated with accomplish feasible society, mankind and requires of individuals of digressing the specialists. Oversee data and documentation At the point when more individuals are doled out into a venture work, at that point the undertaking can make of incredible progress. Aside from the undertaking achievement, the architect is likewise looking of difficulties, for example, guaranteeing of form control of reports just as drawings (Burke 2013). I had utilized of different procedures set up to portion of data and guaranteed that each and everybody should work into late report variant. The colleagues require associating with one another into the task gathering. As, I had directed up close and personal correspondence which is the best data sharing procedure for me. I had trained the colleagues to share their email id just as telephone number with every one of the colleagues so ongoing data ought to be imparted to one another. I had set up a message board and I had planned a gathering on week by week premise. The week after week gatherings are refreshing everybody on the undertaking progress and utilization of ongoing archive rendition (Schwalbe 2015). Videoconferencing is likewise a data dissemination procedure to get venture related data about the undertaking group. Data sharing flowchart is utilized by the venture chief and specialist to ongoing update and progress of the work (Nicholas Steyn 2017). The free progression of data is identified with development of data and information among the individuals from the venture. The greater part of the data sharing and furthermore information the board recognizes the data, information just as information. I had likewise utilized of data sharing model when arranged changes are happened in the association to encourage and oppose dependent on elements of social structure. It ranges of the inward limits of the association. The information are as often as possible kept into individual with the goal that it isn't shared among some other unapproved individual. Any undertaking related data are kept into protection and with severe approval, accordingly I had utilized of such data sharing procedures to such an extent that no other individual can ready to get to it. Subsequently, I had kept all the task related reports with secret phrase approval. References Burke, R 2013. Venture the board: arranging and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Dolce, M. Di Bucci, D 2014. Hazard the board: jobs and obligations in the dynamic process.Geoethics: moral difficulties and contextual investigations in earth science. Segment IV: Communication with people in general, authorities and the media. Kerzner, H 2013.Project administration: a frameworks way to deal with arranging, booking, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Filter, L.P 2014.Critical chain venture the executives. Artech House. Mir, F.A. Pinnington, A.H 2014. Investigating the estimation of venture the board: connecting venture the board execution and task success.International diary of undertaking management,32(2), pp.202-217. Nicholas, J.M. Steyn, H 2017.Project administration for designing, business and innovation. Taylor Francis. Schwalbe, K 2015.Information innovation venture the executives. Cengage Learning. Tripathi, V. Goyal, A.K 2014. Spry Requirement Engineer: Roles and Responsibilities.International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering and Technology,1(3), pp.13-219. Verzuh, E. 2015.The quick forward MBA in venture the executives. John Wiley Sons.

Judicial Decisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Legal Decisions - Essay Example Notwithstanding this there is by all accounts varying plans securing both the landowner and the inhabitants found in the differentiation of the impartial and lawful leases. The qualification turns out to be critical as though an enthusiasm for land is seen as a rent then one is secured by the Rent Acts, while the permit appears to include just constrained rights as indicated by the details of the game plan between the gatherings with insignificant state mediation. It is one of the crucial subjects in tolerating what a rent is that the period distinguished in the plan between the proprietor and the occupier is for a fixed term. In Lace V. Chantler [1944], it was held that a rent for the span of a war was not a specific period as one couldn't doubtlessly conceive when the war would be finished, along these lines this would be a permit revocable when the war would be finished. Be that as it may, even a present moment, for example a month to month understanding would appear to be fulfilling the prerequisites of the LPA 1925 as each gathering holds power by notice to decide the coherence of the rent toward the finish of every month and this spares the course of action from being dubious. (Prudential Assurance Co. Ltd v London Residuary Board [1992]) Even time sharing understandings have been held to be occupancies as of late (Cottage Holiday Associates Ltd v. Customs and Excise Commissioners [1983], Smallwood V. Sheppards [1895]). Maybe even here, the hidden truth remains the expectation of the gathering which could be prove by ethicalness of the method of installment and the timespan despite the fact that this isn't a basic component (Ashburn Anstall v. Arnold [1989]). The idea of elite belonging is additionally a significant one in the assurance of a rent. Basically, where the occupier could avoid anybody at all and is allowed to utilize the land as he needs subject to specific limitations, this game plan could without much of a stretch be named as a rent. Where a landowner had rights saved to enter the premises, void meters and change cloth, it was held to be a permit (Appah v. Parncliffe Investments [1964]. A comparative similarity could be drawn with the control of rooms in inns and inns. It is typically very obvious to the occupier that he doesn't have the privileges of an inhabitant with respect to the room he is involving and his privileges just come from and are constrained to the administration contract finished up among him and the inn, and so forth. Henceforth, the customary differentiation between a rent and a licenc

5 Social Media Tips for Real Estate You Cant Afford to Overlook

Social media can help realtors find a wide audience, in the right area and at the right time. Even with limited resources, savvy realtors can build meaningful relationships and earn more clients. Related: How to build a social media campaign for real estate (with templates) How do you do it? The sheer array of platforms and marketing techniques seem overwhelming. Here are five practical tips to get you started in no time. 1. Start two-way conversations A staggering 94% of millennial homebuyers are taking their search online. This creates incredible opportunities for real estate agents to connect with them there—but only if they truly understand their audience's motivations. It's tempting for realtors to promote their business and new home listings relentlessly on social media. After all, isn't that what those platforms are for? Not exactly. For potential homebuyers, constant, in-your-face promotion has minimal appeal. If they wanted endless advertisements, they could just flip open a magazine or turn on the TV. Treating them this way shows a fundamental lack of understanding about your target audience. The vast majority of potential homebuyers are searching for information. They have questions. If they're considering buying for the first time, they're probably intimidated, too. Savvy real estate agents use social media to walk everyone through the process, creating stronger bonds than the constant sales pitch approach. Instead of just posting endless promotional content (a one-way broadcast), you open up two-way conversations. The audience becomes a key creator of the shared experience. This takes on many forms. It might be searching Twitter hashtags and offering advice to those in your local area. Tomorrow it might be hosting a Q&A session on Facebook Live. Next week it might be something as simple as asking a question in your newest listing photo caption on Instagram. Whenever you can, invite your audience to participate in the conversation. Yes, you can still find opportunities to promote your listings. But, a commitment to being relentlessly helpful builds trust and authentic relationships. 2. Choose your social media platforms wisely Social media is fast-paced, chaotic, and changing constantly. It's easy to get overwhelmed by the sheer number of platforms. Realtors new to social media might feel the pressure to "be everywhere." Pressed for time already, they drive themselves crazy trying to maintain a presence on a dozen different accounts. This approach actually leaves them worse off than before. Because they've spread themselves so thin, it's impossible to get the traction needed to build an audience on any platform. What could you do instead? Start by taking a deep breath. Acknowledge there are tons of platforms out there—and a lot to learn. And accept that you'll see the best results by focusing on just a few right now. Begin the journey with proven social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Which platforms deserve the majority of your focus? A lot depends on your audience. Beyond the overall popularity of the platform, consider where your target market spends their time online. You wouldn't want to launch a Snapchat strategy when trying to sell retirement condos—the demographics there skew too young. If you're selling commercial real estate, consider connecting with successful professionals and industry organizations on LinkedIn. Do some preliminary research to pinpoint where your audience is most engaged. Using those insights as a guide, narrow your focus to a few platforms as availability allows... which brings us to the next point. 3. Post consistently (and strategically) A successful social media for real estate strategy is a lot like a successful relationship-building strategy in real life. You need consistent contact—and interactions that provide value and motivate people to keep coming back. The goal: create enough interactions for your audience to get to know you without overwhelming them to the point they tune you out. This is a delicate balance to maintain, but the good news is it's something you can always adjust as you go. Feedback from your networks (whether you're gaining or losing followers, their engagement, etc.) will tell you if you're headed in the right direction. You can use social media software to schedule posts beforehand. This gives you the freedom to meet with clients, work open houses, and attend closings all while building your presence automatically. It's easy to post multiple times a day this way. Posting frequency is one thing, but you also have to consider the nature of the content itself. Most content breaks down into three different types: Time-sensitive/promotional. These posts advertise new properties on the market, open houses, or your brand in general. Think of listing photos, tweets urging prospects to give you a call, and virtual tours with Facebook livestreams or 360-degree photos. "Evergreen" how-to or informative. This content answers questions, shares tips, or finds alternative ways to provide value. It's just as valuable a year from now as it is today. This could be decorating tips, a checklist to help you see how much house buyers could afford, or cool DIY renovation project ideas. Fun or entertaining. This content might not be directly related to real estate, but it's a great way for you to showcase your personality. It might be a review of a new restaurant in town, a heads-up about traffic on the way home, or even those viral cat photos. Social media just gets prospects in the door. It's your personality and expertise—real-life relationship skills—that will close the deal. Understand the goal of each post you make, and mix things up to engage your audience and keep them coming back. Finally, remember that there's no need to create all this content yourself. Supplement your own efforts by sharing, retweeting or linking to other great content. Your clients are a great content source—whether it's sharing a quote from their testimonial or a photo of them toasting a new home. 4. Remember your past clients Social media is a great tool for realtors to build relationships and land clients. But, that's only part of its appeal. It can also help maintain relationships you've already developed. What happens when those closing papers are signed? Clients feel a rush of adrenaline, but after a few months, everyday life creeps back in. An incredible 70% of homeowners can't even remember their real estate agent's name one year after closing. It's a shame to have those relationships slip away after you've spent so much work building them. With a little social media love, it's much easier to maintain them. That way, when clients are ready to move again or recommend a realtor to family or friends, you'll be the first person who comes to mind. How can you do this on social media? Release a steady stream of that evergreen content we mentioned earlier. Brainstorm all the things you wish you knew when you moved into a home. Is it design inspiration? Checklists to get organized? Ways to prepare for the winter or save money on utility bills? You can also broaden your content from real estate itself. Now that your client has moved, they're living, working and integrating into the community. They might be interested in that new restaurant down the road. Or the best summer camps to send their kids. You can become their go-to source for all things local. 5. Measure and keep learning You're sending emails to clients, working open houses, and putting out yard signs. (Not to mention trying to keep up with your own personal life.) You don't have endless hours to pour into social media that isn't paying off. How are your tweets performing compared with your Pinterest posts? Should you be posting on Facebook or focusing on Instagram? These are the questions that can frustrate you to no end. Instincts might give you some indication, but measuring will let you know for sure. Fortunately, it's never been easier to collect data on social media performance. It's easy to see which posts get the most engagement in terms of likes, retweets and comments. But, if you're looking to see what's really moving the needle in terms of sales, why not create unique landing pages for each platform? A landing page simply directs visitors whenever they're interested in contacting you, seeing a new listing, and so on. Tailoring them for each social media platform allows you to track where leads come from. You can also find out a lot more about each user's interactions with your brand and their path to becoming a client. Keep an eye out on which platforms, campaigns and topics perform best. As long as you keep tracking your analytics and tweaking your strategy, it will gradually get more effective. This optimization process never ends, but the payoff increases over time. Over to you Social media has become an essential piece in every realtor's marketing toolkit. Thankfully, it doesn't have to be overwhelming anymore. Apply the tips above while launching your real estate marketing strategy, and you'll build an impressive audience, engage them, and bring in more business. Kickstart your next social media campaign with our free templates for real estate.

Addiction to Steroids in the Book Drugs and Sports by...

Steroids used by teens should be control to avoid health problems. In the book â€Å"Drugs and Sports†,on page 13, the author Rodney G. Peck states that â€Å"Experts believe that the disease of addiction can be passed down from parent to child.† He also states that, â€Å" a teen who has a parent with an addiction (or a parent who is recovering from an addiction) may be more likely to become an addict as well. Teens should talk with their parents and not follow their steps to addiction. Drug addiction usually starts with something called a gateway drug. One commonly used gateway drug would be weed, the easiest drug to get in the streets and everywhere. A new study suggest that gay and bisexual adolescent boys are more than five times more likely to†¦show more content†¦If catched a second time you might get five years in prison and a fine of five thousand dollars. A third time is double the second time catched. In the article, â€Å"NIH† the author states, â€Å" sometimes men might grow breasts and decrease size of testicoles†. â€Å"Anabolic steroids work very differently from other drugs of abuse, and they do not have the same acute effects on the brain. The most important difference is that steroids do not trigger rapid increases in the neurotransmitter dopamine, which is responsible for the rewarding â€Å"high† that drives the abuse of other substances†, the National Institute of Drug Abuse states. Steroid abuse may lead to serious, even irreversible, health problems. Some of the most dangerous consequences that have been linked to steroid abuse include kidney impairment or failure; damage to the liver; and cardiovascular problems including enlargement of the heart, high blood pressure, and changes in blood cholesterol leading to an increased risk of stroke and heart attack (even in young people). In other words steroids are not good for your body, why? Many people have had their lives ruined by the use of illegal steroids, yet the desired effects are so overwhelming that people tend to overlook the consequences. Steroid users believe taking anabolic steroids will enhance their performance, strength, size,etc. Theres a lot more reasons why you shouldnt be using steroids. Do you wanna die, no right exactly. I was

Bipolar Disorder Essay - 1811 Words

Bipolar Disorder INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to discuss bipolar disorders in adolescents. This paper will include a discussion on what bipolar disorders are. There will be a presentation of the causes and symptoms of bipolar disorders. There will be a discussion of the medical as well as the therapeutic interventions and this paper will also include the importance of treatment. WHAT ARE BIPOLAR DISORDERS? Bipolar disorder is a disease that affects one in every five Americans. Bipolar disorders often called Manic Depression, involve the appearance of two extreme emotional states. Adolescents that suffer from bipolar disorders alternate between manic and depressive episodes. Bipolar disorders are not†¦show more content†¦Among pairs of fraternal twins, who have about half their genes in common, both twins have bipolar disorder in less than fifteen percent cases in which one twin has the disorder. Waltz (2000), states that the degree of genetic influence comes from studies of adopted children with bipolar disorder. These studies show that biological relatives have a higher incidence of bipolar disorder than do people in the general population. Personal or work related stress can trigger a manic episode, but this usually occurs in people with a genetic vulnerability (Burns, 1999). Other factors such as childhood experiences and social conditions seem to have relatively littl e influence in causing bipolar disorder. One study examined a pair of twins in which only one member of the pair had bipolar disorder. The study found that regardless of whether the parent had bipolar disorder or not, the twins had the same high ten percent rate of bipolar disorder. This observation suggests that risk for bipolar illness comes from genetic influence, not from exposure to a parent’s bipolar illness or from family problems caused by that illness. 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At times, you feel veryRead MoreBipolar Disorder ( Bipolar ) Essay1544 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar Disorder or manic-depressive disorder is a disorder characterized by highs, manias, and lows, depressions, and can therefore be easily distinguished from unipolar depression, a major depressive disorder in DSM-5, by the presence of manic or hypomanic episodes (Miklowitz Gitlin, 2014). Bipolar disorder is generally an episodic, lifelong illness with a variable course (American Psychiatric Association, 2010). There are two classifications of bipolar disorder; bipolar I disorder and bipolar

Fixed Income Securities Future Value Equivalent

Question: Describe about the Fixed Income Securities for Future Value Equivalent. Answer: 1. Based on the question, it is apparent that interest is not paid for the first two years but is paid only for one period of six months at the rate of 8% per annum Hence, future value of the FRA after 2.5 years = P (!+r)N = 1,000 *(1+ 0.08/2) = $1,040 The current value of the FRA should be equivalent of the net present value of the above payment computed using a discount rate of 6% pa which would be semi annualised(Hull 2014). Hence, value of FRA = 1040/(1+0.06/2)5 = $ 897.1 The FRA is priced lower than the principal because on two years no interest needs to be paid, however returns can be derived on the value of FRA at the rate of 6% pa semi-annual compounding(Tuckman and Serrat 2011). 2. In order to hedge the market risk, the trader should short in the future or forward markets. This is because the investor has already taken a long position in the cash segment and hence needs protection against any adverse movement of the index from the current level of 1,250. Hence, if the price falls below the current levels of 1,250, then the short trade may be closed and any decrease in the value in the cash segment could be made by the profits earning in the forward market(Hull 2014). It is apparent from the given data that the margin call would be triggered when the margin account loss has crossed $ 1,000 as a result of which the account level dives below the specified maintenance margin level(Hull 2014). It is apparent that the company has assumed a short position and hence the increase in price by a mere 1 cent or $ 0.01 would result in loss of 50000*0.01 = $ 500. Thus, in order to cause a loss of $ 1,000 in the margin account, the price would have to increase by 2cents or become equal to 72 cents per unit. This loss of $ 1,000 would trigger a margin call. 3. One of the key requirements with regards to asset sale is that it should be sold constructively which implies that offsetting positions must be taken to the positions that have already been taken so as to ensure that the investment gains are not locked. In the given case, out of the given choices, Option B has not been sold in a constructive manner. In case of A.C and D, the profit recognition cannot be deferred but the same cannot be said about B. If a put option is bought which is deep in money, then profit arising from the asset can be successfully locked and in the process the tax liability is deferred(Tuckman and Serrat 2011). References Hull, John. Options, Futures, and Other Derivatives . New York: Pearson, 2014. Tuckman, Bruce, and Angel Serrat. Fixed Income Securities: Tools for Today's Markets . London: Wiley Sons, 2011.

The Best Chicago Citation Style Guide

Found a great essay topic and all you need is a reliable Chicago style citation guide? Or are you just looking for a simple Turabian format example? Regardless of what you are looking for the answer is right here! Explore this in-depth Chicago style citation guide that highlights all the predominant elements so you can get that A+ with almost no effort at all. Contents What Is The Chicago Style Citation And The Turabian Format? Why Use The Chicago Style Citation Format In The First Place? What Categories Can It Be Broken Down Into? Chicago Style Citation Example What Is The Chicago Style Citation And The Turabian Format? Before getting into all the juicy details, it is essential for students and professionals alike to understand what the Chicago style citation format encompasses as well as the requirements of the most recent edition. As we all know whenever a student is writing a research paper or any kind of essay they are required to reference all their sources to avoid plagiarism. Despite how frustrating that can be sometimes, it is vital to steer clear of plagiarism at all costs. Currently in 2017 we are concerned with the Chicago style citation format as explained in the 16th edition as well as the Turabian 7th edition. But what does that mean for us? There is no need to panic as the new versions have not the overall concept of this style that much. Unlike its cousins, the APA Formatting Style or MLA Formatting Style the Chicago Manual of Style, also known as the Turabian citation style, makes use of two citation systems. Luckily students will have to choose or will be told by the instructor, which of the two best fit the particular essay. The first system that we will be looking at is called the Notes-Bibliography system and is often shortened as N.B. by the Chicago style citation format. The subjects it is mostly encountered in are the arts, literature and history. The second system is referred to as the Author-Date System which is quite similar in content but is structured differently and mainly concerns the social sciences. Is this a little bit too much to handle at first glance? Learn How To Write An Essay. Why Use The Chicago Style Citation Format In The First Place? Having done a quick Google search, it is not hard to tell that this referencing style isn’t exactly the most popular one out of the bunch. So what makes this one stand out from its cousins and what are the benefits of using it if there are even any, to begin with? Its degree of depth is often described as both a strength and weakness. However, it is an invaluable tool in a historical analysis for that fact alone. The weakness aspect concerns a researcher's ability to backtrack to the original source through the endless list of references and footnotes. Its level of detail surpasses the APA and MLA citation formats. Being able to use a multitude of complex sources with the new simplified Chicago style referencing format is a definite plus. Freedom to choose between using a print copy or the online version of a particular source. As with most referencing styles nowadays the Chicago style citation format now allows for its users to incorporate sources in all kinds of forms and origins. Choose between two distinct referencing systems. Distinguishing itself from the APA and MLA single style structure the Chicago style citation format allows students to pick whichever option suits them best. The new Chicago style citation format is also available in the form of an online generator. It is strongly advised to be familiar with its requirements by reading this Chicago style citation guide before using such tools. Avoid being accused of plagiarism by mastering this formatting tool. Knowing how to put together a substantial list of references is just the first step in this journey. Overall it is not that much different than any other referencing method required of students for their assignments. Nonetheless, the most significant benefit from the all seems the ability to choose between one of the two systems to help keep text plagiarism free. In the following section, we will have a closer look at their elements as well as how the student should incorporate them by using the Chicago style citation format correctly. What Categories Can It Be Broken Down Into? As previously mention now we will examine the basic skeleton of the Notes-Bibliography System as well as the Author-Date System that students can choose to use as their Chicago style citation format. Notes-Bibliography System By choosing N.B. students should include: A footnote or endnote each time a source is used, whether it be a direct quote, summary or paraphrasing. The first citation in an essay that uses a bibliography can use the shortened Chicago style citation format. The sources used should then also be listed as footnotes at the end of the page. Compile all the references together and display them in the form of endnotes at the end of the entire document or at the end of each chapter according to what is best suited to the Chicago style citation format required. Relevant information required for any source: Author’s Full Name, Source Title, Facts of Publication, Chapter, Page Number. If the student has to use the Chicago style citation format in a paper that does not need to have a bibliography, then they must include the full details of each author when referencing a source. Have a superscript number individually corresponding to each reference. It should be used in a text after the sentence has ended or interlinked with the clause of a different source. When citing the same source numerous times, it is recommended to use a shortened Chicago style citation format. If one of the works you are citing has a bibliography of its own, there is no need to quote all of them in yours, except those that are included in your work. If a source has no bibliography of its own then the student should provide full details regarding this particular reference according to the Chicago style citation format. Footnotes or endnotes must have the required full-sized number, which is followed by a period and then a space. Students may choose to make use of the Ibid. abbreviation. It stems from Latin meaning â€Å"in the same place.† This is just one of the many tools that students have at their disposal while applying the Chicago style referencing format. Author-Date System Overall this choice is quite similar to the N.B. system as far as its core elements are concerned. However, below we will list some of the key differences that separate the two. The reference list is done differently as it emphasizes the author and year of publication of the sources. Have the date and month of publications available to include in the bibliography. This new prioritization is also visible in the in-text citations, paraphrases or summaries presented. Different use of punctuation and reference list entries when displaying one’s bibliography and in-text citations. Full bibliographical information is only provided at the end. Prefers the use of parenthetical references instead of numbered quotes and references. Both systems make use of an alphabetically ordered bibliography as indicated by the Chicago style citation format. These are the most predominant features that encompass using the Chicago style citation format. For specific examples on how to reference each type of source correctly check the following section. Chicago Style Citation Example As far as theory is concerned we have pretty much covered it, nonetheless talking about something is not the same as doing it. Thus, understanding how the practicals interact with this concept when applying the Chicago style citation format, we come to realize that we will be looking at two different types of referencing structures. Having used various types of bibliographies, it is pretty obvious that despite some requiring sources to be formatted and presented differently they all contain the same general information. In most cases that revolves around the author, editor, title, book edition, article number, website link, page number, chapter, etc. and all this information is listed alphabetically according to the author's last names. If a source is lacking in one of these descriptors, use at least some form of descriptive phrase so that the audience knows what is being brought into the discussion. In this section we will also show Chicago style citation examples from works that choose to complete the assignment without using a bibliography, meaning that most of the focus will be placed on in-text citations and short forming them correctly. However, the first thing we will examine is all the standard elements these two systems have in the Chicago style citation format. Both use all the general elements ( author, title, page number, etc.) In each of the Chicago style citation format bibliographies, the author’s name must be inverted by placing their last name first and then separating the last and first name by using a comma. For example, John Snow becomes Snow, John. The titles of chapters, articles, poems, etc. should always be placed in quotation marks according to the Chicago style citation format. Do not forget that titles of books and journals are to be italicized at all times. When referencing the year of publication fora source, it should be listed after the publisher or the journal’s name. Regardless of what style you have chosen to use as your Chicago style citation format the period is used to separate all significant elements within the bibliography. Now that we have a crystal-clear idea of what the standard elements are for both systems we can begin examining specific examples. The goal here is to try and identify as well as remember where all the ingredients go as well as how they are displayed. Chicago Style Citation Example: Notes-Bibliography System Book Notes Isabel Allende, The house of the spirits: a novel, (New York: Atria Paperback, 2015) Short Notes Allende, The house of the spirits: a novel, 129 Bibliography Entries ( in alphabetical order, applies to all bibliography entries or entry) Allende, Isabel. The house of the spirits: a novel. Translated by Magda Bogin. New York: Atria Paperback, 2015. Chapters or other sections of books Note Isabel Allende, ed., Chapter 6: Revenge. In The house of the spirits: a novel, translated by Magda Bogin, 122-35. New York: Atria Paperback, 2015. Shortened Notes Allende, Revenge, 124 Bibliography Entry Allende, Isabel. Chapter 6: Revenge. In The house of the spirits: a novel, translated by Magda Bogin, 122-35. New York: Atria Paperback, 2015. Translated Books Notes Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Chronicle of a death foretold, trans. Santwana Haldar ( New Delhi: Asia Book Club, 2003.) Short Notes Marquez, Chronicle of a death foretold, 182. Bibliography Entries Marquez, Gabriel Garcia. Chronicle of a death foretold. Translated by Santwana Haldar. New Delhi: Asia Book Club, 2003. Online Books/E-Books Notes Isabel Allende, The house of the spirits: a novel., ( New York: Atria Paperback, 2015), 201, http:// ebookexamples. com/isabel-allende-house-of-the-spirits.html Short Notes Allende, The house of the spirits: a novel.,201-202 Bibliography Entries Allende, Isabel. The house of the spirits: a novel. Translated by Magda Bogin. New York: Atria Paperback, 2015. November 10, 2017. Accessed November 10, 2017. ebookexamples Journal Articles Notes Unknown, â€Å"Fuel cell technology†, Membrane Technology 2000, no. 119 (April 2000): 121 Frank Lin, â€Å"Biology Journal†, Experimental Biology 112, no. 2, (January 2014): 165 Short Notes Unknown, â€Å"Fuel cell technology†, 119-120 Lin, â€Å"Biology Journal†, 149 Bibliography Entries Fuel cell technology. Membrane Technology 2000, no. 119 (2000): 12. Accessed November 15, 2017. doi:10.1016/s0958-2118(00)88009-x. Lin, Frank. â€Å"Biology Journal.† Experimental Biology 112, no. 2, (January 2014): 142-165 Newspapers or Magazines Notes Alex Kong, Technologies Selected for Innovative Technologies 2016: Exploring and Evaluating Japan's Outstanding Digital Content Technology and Winners of Closest-to-Business Award., States News Services, September 2, 2016, 19. Short Notes Kong, Innovative Technologies 2016, 19 Bibliography Entries Kong, Alex. Technologies Selected for Innovative Technologies 2016: Exploring and Evaluating Japan's Outstanding Digital Content Technology and Winners of Closest-to-Business Award. States News Service, September 2, 2016. Accessed November 15, 2017. https://www.highbeam/doc/1G1-463313823.html. Book Review Notes Taiye Selasi, â€Å"A Classic Story Of Betterment,† review of Swing Time, by Zadie Smith, The Guardian, November 13, 2016. Short Notes Selasi, â€Å"Classic Story.† Bibliography Entries Selasi, Taiye. â€Å"A Classic Story Of Betterment.† Review of Swing Time, by Zadie Smith. The Guardian, November 13, 2016. Interview Notes Kory Stamper, â€Å"From ‘F-Bomb’ to ‘Photobomb,’ How the Dictionary Keeps Up with English,† interview by Terry Gross, Fresh Air, NPR, April 19, 2017, audio, 35:25, http://www.npr.org/2017/04/19/524618639/from-f-bomb-to-photobomb-how-the-dictionary-keeps-up-with-english Short Notes Stamper, interview. Bibliography Entries Stamper, Kory. â€Å"From ‘F-Bomb’ to ‘Photobomb,’ How the Dictionary Keeps Up with English.† Interview by Terry Gross. Fresh Air, NPR, April 19, 2017. Audio, 35:25. http://www.npr.org/2017/04/19/524618639/from-f-bomb-to-photobomb-how-the-dictionary-keeps-up-with-english. Dissertation or Thesis Works Notes Xiaoying Wang, â€Å"Analog circuit design approaches†. ( Ph.D. diss., Zugl.: Frankfurt, Main, Univ., Diss, 2014), 49-55 Short Notes Wang, â€Å"Analog circuit†, 49 Bibliography Entries Wang, Xiaoying. Analog circuit design approaches. Ph.D. diss., Zugl.: Frankfurt, Main, Univ., Diss, 2014. 1-100. Website Content Notes â€Å"Privacy Policy,† Privacy Terms, Google, last modified November 15, 2017, https://www.google/policies/privacy/. Short Notes Google, â€Å"Privacy Policy.† Bibliography Entries Google. â€Å"Privacy Policy.† Privacy Terms. Last modified October 17, 2017. https://www.google/policies/privacy/. Social Media Content Text Conan O’Brien’s tweet was dressed in its usual attire: â€Å"In honor of Earth Day, I’m recycling my tweets† (@ConanOBrien, April 22, 2015). Notes Conan O’Brien(@ConanOBrien), â€Å"In honor of Earth Day, I’m recycling my tweets†, Twitter, April 22 2015, https://twitter/conanobrien/status/590940792967016448 Short Notes O’Brien, â€Å"Earth Day 2015† Bibliography Entries Conan O’Brien, In honor of Earth Day, I’m recycling my tweets.† Twitter, April 22, 2015. https://twitter/conanobrien/status/590940792967016448 Any Form of Personal Communication Notes Ester Hanling, Facebook message to author, September 24, 2017. Chicago Style Citation Format: Author-Date Style Book Bibliography Entries ( in alphabetical order, applies to all bibliography entries or entry) Allende, Isabel. 2015. The house of the spirits: a novel. New York: Atria Paperback In-text Citation (Allende 2015, 67-79) Chapters or other sections of books Bibliography Entry Allende, Isabel. 2015. â€Å"Chapter 6: Revenge†. In The house of the spirits: a novel, Translated by Magda Bogin, 122-135. New York: Atria Paperback In-text Citation (Allende 2015, 124-125) Translated Books Bibliography Entry Marquez, Gabriel Garcia. 2003. Chronicle of a death foretold, Translated by Santwana Haldar. New Delhi: Asia Book Club. In-text Citation (Marquez 2003, 108) Online Books/E-Books Bibliography Entry Austen, Jane. 2007. Pride and Prejudice. New York: Penguin Classics. Kindle. In-text Citation (Austen 2007, chap. 5) Journal Articles Bibliography Entry LaSalle, Peter. 2017. â€Å"Conundrum: A Story about Reading.† New England Review 38 (1): 95–109. Project MUSE. In-text Citation (LaSalle 2017, 82) Newspapers or Magazines Bibliography Entry Pai, Tanya. 2017. â€Å"The Squishy, Sugary History of Peeps.† Vox, April 11, 2017. http://www.vox/culture/2017/4/11/15209084/peeps-easter In-text Citation (Pai 2017) Book Review Bibliography Entry Selasi, Taiye. â€Å"A Classic Story Of Betterment.† Review of Swing Time, by Zadie Smith. The Guardian, November 13, 2016. In-text Citation (Taiye 2016) Interview Bibliography Entry Stamper, Kory. 2017. â€Å"From ‘F-Bomb’ to ‘Photobomb,’ How the Dictionary Keeps Up with English.† Interview by Terry Gross. Fresh Air, NPR, April 19, 2017. Audio, 35:25. http://www.npr.org/2017/04/19/524618639/from-f-bomb-to-photobomb-how-the-dictionary-keeps-up-with-english In-text Citation (Stamper 2017) Dissertation or Thesis Works Bibliography Entry Wang, Xiaoying. 2014. â€Å"Analog circuit design approaches.† Ph.D. diss., Frankfurt University of Main In-text Citation (Wang 2014, 85-89) Website Content Bibliography Entry Google. 2017. â€Å"Privacy Policy.† Privacy Terms. Last modified April 17, 2017. https://www.google/policies/privacy/. In-text Citation (Google 2017) Social Media Content Text Conan O’Brien’s tweet: â€Å"In honor of Earth Day, I’m recycling my tweets† (@ConanOBrien, April 22, 2015). Bibliography Entry O’Brien, Conan (@ConanOBrien). 2015. â€Å"In honor of Earth Day, I’m recycling my tweets†, Twitter, April 22, 2015, https://twitter/conanobrien/status/590940792967016448 In-text Citation (O’Brien 2015) Any Form of Personal Communication In-text Citation + Bibliography Entry Edward Hanling, Facebook message to author, September 25, 2017. Related: APA Citation Guide - Learn How to Cite Anything in APA Format Can’t Find The Time To Make It Perfect? Let The Professionals Handle It! Since time is our most valued commodity, it is often quite challenging to manage it effectively without a little help. By making use of professional services offered by veteran writers you will be able to prioritize what comes first and delegate time-consuming tasks such as figuring out what the Chicago style citation format entails to others. The worst thing for anyone is to get accused of plagiarism on a paper they have been working on for hours and hours on end. Do not hesitate to contact the Essay Service team even if you just need someone to double check the quality and formatting style of the sources. So what are you waiting for? Get the best Chicago style citation format essay only by ordering today!

How to Improve Sales at BPC Software

How to Improve Sales at BPC Software BPC’s Problem BPC ventured into the business of providing payroll services to small and medium-sized enterprises. After four years, the business had prospered with an annual return of about $40million. This outcome prompted the business to expand its sales.   The expectation was that the founder would collect over $30million from shareholders after the expansion. However, the attempt failed.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on How to Improve Sales at BPC Software specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company witnessed reduced revenues and sales. When the global financial crisis struck, the board of directors discovered a problem in the marketing and sales department because they (directors) did not know their customers’ interests. Hence, they had to deliberate on the effectiveness of getting in touch with their esteemed clients. BPC’s Initial Solution Initially, BPC attempted to grant six month s free service to clients who made a yearly loyalty to the company. The company also introduced various sales incentives to help in fastening its deals. The Research The company collected information regarding the attributes of its clients from its small restaurant stores. Data was collected from annual reports, websites, press reports, and internal financial records. Some of the aspects that were examined during the study include its returns, the number of human resources, and the industry status. The company discovered that the number of personnel directly influenced customer profitability. It was observed that the sales cost was also affected by the selling-cycle length since prolonged cycles existed where more proposals and product advertisement among others things were established. Furthermore, the researchers also noticed that despite the dropping quantity of sales, clients continued pledging their loyalty. Most of them came from the small and medium-sized enterprises. Hypothe ses BPC prepared the following preliminary hypotheses: Mid-sized professional service firms qualify as good clients because they consistently need payroll processing services to outsource such services from a firm such as BPC Firms that are situated in urban areas are good clients because the can easily be accessed and that thorough customer visits can be realized for a particular period Firms that have recorded a prolonged operating history with BPC are excellent customers because their probability to cancel contracts is minute However, a refined hypothesis is, ‘since most of the customers come from small enterprises, hence exposing the company to a high degree of seasonality and elevated default rates, they are not the best clientele Adjustment of the selling model BPC opted to adjust its selling model by focusing on professional firms that had more than 15 workers. It also decided to trade with stable firms that had existed in the business for long. Its new clients now co mprised Certified Public Accounting (CPA) firms because most of them were reluctant in processing payrolls and that they did not mind outsourcing such services.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Furthermore, BPC also modified its sales metrics and incorporated its number of calls it made to its clients. It also rewarded sales representatives who established good deals with customers. Monitoring the performance of employees enabled the company to determine the most qualified workers and/or fire the nonperforming ones. It amended the qualification requirements for sales representative such that it now considered individuals who had a good rapport with CPA firms. For customers who were not ideal, the company decided to use online communication, rather than sending sales representatives. The Results Adjustments that were made by BPC after the research had positive r esults. The rise in sales was gradual in the first six months. Even after reducing the number of its employees, orders kept on rising. Thus, it was evident that BPC found the ultimate solution to its initially decreasing sales volume.

Chinese history--- Is Modernizing the Ancient Possible Essay

Chinese history--- Is Modernizing the Ancient Possible - Essay Example China stuck to the Confucian teaching of humanity and avoided by all means any technical skill acquisition or professional training. This no doubt led to its backwardness. As history would tell, China’s economic and political stagnation during the 20th century can be said to be their own folly. It is interesting to note that China was a giant of trade especially in the East, with all the resources that would be a pre-requisite for steering any growth and development of any country yet economically it was crippled (Wright 3). This could be explained through a number of factors. For instance, its response to the west when it (the West) widely opened its arms for trade with them. The Chinese rebelled against them seeing them not as potential economic partners but as enemies, coming to frustrate their culture and their way of life. This kind of reasoning is based on the fact that the Chinese were fully obsessed with their culture and the need to maintain the status quo that any foreign interference would be met with resistance. They were therefore not linked by a program which could foster the country’s growth but by their search for what th ey termed as spiritual values and critique of the West and their influence (BBC 1). The Confucians view morality as a key ingredient for the cultivation of social relations with the essence of government being nothing short of good morals. Things however began to change with the collapse of the Han dynasty causing a stiff religious competition with Taoism aimed at cultivation of meditation as a form of internal discipline. The reform that took place through the interaction with the outside world aftermath reshaped Buddhism as the neo-Confucians, giving it a new look on the self mindset and a philosophical evaluation of the world. This change was in itself not easy since China thwarted every attempt for change, especially one that they viewed as being imposed on them by foreigners. Even though the

Parliament Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Parliament - Essay Example The UK parliament is constituted by members who belong to various political parties but mainly in three divisions namely the government, opposition and the cross benchers who are also referred to as independent members, who are not affiliated to any major political party (Grant, 2009). The government is formed by the political party which manages to acquire the highest number of seats after an election while the position of official opposition is taken by the party with the second highest number of seats in parliament (Ware, 2000). The government is entrusted with the responsibility of formulating strategies and effecting economic plans as well as accounting for the country’s wealth. The opposition on the other hand has the role of criticizing the government in all decisions which it makes, concerning governance that may be deemed to be unethical or insufficient, through constructive contributions so as to ensure that only the best comes from the agreed decisions. In addition, the opposition has the powers to oppose government proposals which they are not contented with and which may not be for the best of the country’s development. This form of parliament has its advantages and disadvantages. This is due to the fact that its performance depends on the relationship existing between the government and the opposition. For example, the political parties may lack the ability to agree on crucial bills due to political differences which may arise from future political aspirations of members, who may gang against the government to try and sabotage the government by opposing proposals which may put the government at an advantage over them in the public eye thereby winning their political good will, which may be a disadvantage to the opposition (Kenneth, 1997). This may slow the passing of important bills and amendments, which may be at the expense of

Quality Metal Service Essay Example for Free

Quality Metal Service Essay An overview of cost, profit, revenue, and investment centers Cost classification in accounting also involves the allocation of costs, revenues and responsibilities to various centres or departments. These centres include: == Cost centres == Revenue centres == Profit centres == Investment centres Cost Centres A cost centre (CC) is a unit, location or department where cost data is collected. The purpose of the cost centre is to collect, analyze and ascertain costs in its immediate context. Cost centres usually have cost units—units or equipment for which costs are determinable or attributable. Overheads and direct costs constitute the cost structure of a CC. Since many activities in an organisation involve costs, a cost centre is a fundamental aspect, especially as profit and investment centres can be cost centres. According to the ACCA Study Text (Management accounting, c 1999), cost centres can manifest themselves as a project, a machine, department or overhead costs. One should note that a specific cost centre might not necessarily have other functions. CCs are not limited to production and manufacturing, since they can also be attributed to service centres, like commercial bank branches for example. Revenue Centres These centres deal exclusively with revenue. Even though costs may arise from these areas, the revenue centre is not accountable for costs. Its purpose is primarily to maximise sales and revenue. Profit centre The profit centre addresses both costs and revenue. Therefore, the manager responsible for a profit centre is accountable for the purchases and sales for that unit, department or branch. Since both revenue and costs fall under the purview of the profit centre, it is both a cost and revenue centre, although a revenue centre is not a profit centre and a cost centre might not necessarily be a profit centre. Investment centres Investment centres are profit centres that are accountable for cost, revenues and net assets for capital investment. This unit is assessed by return on investment and is a cost centre. Managers in an investment centre are responsible for purchasing capital or non-current assets and making investment decisions with capital. Investment centres Investment centres are profit centres that are accountable for cost, revenues and net assets for capital investment. This unit is assessed by return on investment and is a cost centre. Managers in an investment centre are responsible for purchasing capital or non-current assets and making investment decisions with capital. Responsibility centres are the umbrella term for cost, profit, revenue and investment centres, since their performance is under the direct control of a manager. The cost centre concept is present in profit and investment centres. The profit centre can be stand alone or, with additional responsibilities, an investment centre. Revenue centres operate in a similar manner to cost and profit centres, but their managers are primarily responsible for maximizing revenues and sales. An accountant needs to know the different types of centres to understand the information needs and requirements of the managers of the various units. Responsibility Centres A responsibility centre is an organizational subsystem charged with a well-defined mission and headed by a manager accountable for the performance of the centre. Responsibility centres constitute the primary building blocks for management control. It is also the fundamental unit of analysis of a budget control system. Aresponsibility centre is an organization unit headed by a responsible manager. There are four major types of responsibility centres: cost centres,revenues centres, profit centres and investment centres. Cost Centre A cost centre is a responsibility centre in which manager is held responsible for controlling cost inputs. There are two general types of cost centres: engineered expense centres and discretionary expense centres. Engineered costs are usually expressed as standard costs. A discretionary expense centre is a responsibility centre whose budgetary performance is based on achieving its goals by operating within predetermined expense constraints set through managerial judgement or discretion. Revenue Centre A revenue centre is a responsibility centre whose budgetary performance is measured primarily by its ability to generate a specified level of revenue. Profit Centre In a profit centre, the budget measures the difference between revenues and costs. Investment Centre An investment centre is a responsibility centre whose budgetary performance is based on return on investment. The uses of responsibility centres depend to a great extent on the type of organization structure involved. Engineered cost centres, discretionary expense centre, and revenue centres are more often used with functional organization designs and with the function units in a matrix design. In contrast, with a divisional organization designs, it is possible use profit centres because the large divisions in such a structure usually have control over both the expenses and the revenues associated with profits.

The Montessori Method Essay examples -- Teaching Education

The Montessori Method (Word count includes Annotated Bibliography) The Montessori method began in the early 1900's by the first female doctor in Italy, Dr. Mary Montessori, as a way of educating mentally disabled children. Her ideas were so successful with these children that she began to apply her understanding of learning to study the potential of normally functioning children (Oalf, 2001). Dr. Montessori's approach to education stresses the importance of learning styles, independence and responsibility. According to Maria Montessori, 'In the special environment prepared?in our schools, the children themselves found a sentence that expresses their inner need, 'Help me to help myself.' ? (Standing, 1957). The ?prepared environment?, according to Montessori, consists of clean, bright, multi-sensory stimulating materials that are engaging for the child and that are placed in at their level so they can be accessed freely. There is a concentration on ?discovery moments?, defined as when a child learns new information through personal exploration (Fisher, 1964), in reading, math, social skills, and other subjects. The guided discovery approach means careful planning and direction for the child and that adults must know the purpose and meaning of each activity the child chooses in the classroom. Montessori teachers attempt to instill an internal drive into the children using this child-centered approach to teaching. An example of this is the use of mats or rugs in the classroom. Eac h child has a mat or rug to spread their materials out on. Every other child is respectful of this child?s space and he/she, in turn, is respectful of others. The result of this approach is a classroom full of self-monitoring students. ... ...cation Week, 21, 24. Retrieved April 14, 2004 from ERIC/EBSCO database. This article discusses the difference between direct instruction and the Montessori method, using the example of one school in Texas, which offers parents a choice of which instruction they would like for their child. The end of this article tells that test results from each classroom turn out about equal, despite the radically different teaching approach. This is because different children do well in different types of classrooms. Zad, M. (1990, November 18). Montessori way highlights video for preschoolers. The Washington Post, pp. y.08. This is a local article taken from The Washington Post regarding the use of video in Montessori classrooms. The use of video technology corresponds with the Montessori method if it is stimulating to the child and aids in discovery learning.

Effective Biblical Church Leadership

Africa International University A. I. C G. S. U Training College Church Youth Ministry Strategic Plan Period: 1st October 2012-31st December 2012 Unit Title: Church Administration Unit Code: PA 204 Presented to :Lecturer –Dinah K. Nyamai Presented by: Stephen Mutua Adm no: 12066 Background General Service Unit Training College Embakasi Church is a under the umbrella of Africa Inland Church of Kenya. We are situated in the Training College main compound. The Church main congregants are the Training college community and the surrounding neighbors.Since the church was started there has never been any active youth ministry. There has been growing need to meet the spiritual needs of the increasing number of youth church members. This has led the church administration to take a move to initiate and strategize on how to effectively the community at large. Thus, a need for a comprehensive and attainable strategic plan for the youth ministry be put in place to help our young people. Th e Church Strategic Plan for youth ministry will be for a period of three months from 1st October 2012- 31st December 2012.Our first main focus will be to equip the leaders who will thus help has a important means to reach the entire group. Time has come that the church has to seriously need to invest in the youth group for if we miss them then the churches will be at a threat of closing their doors tomorrow. This is because there will be no one of the young generation to be handed over the church leadership. Our strategic plan has been prepared in line with the Vision, Mission, goals of Africa Inland Church of Kenya; VISION: To equip and teach every church member in all wisdom, so that every church member may be mature in Christ; Col: 1-28MISSION: To fulfill the Great Commission of Our Lord Jesus Christ. (Matthew 28:19-20) Our Goals: 1. To fulfill the great commission of our Lord Jesus Christ. (Matthew 28:19,20;†Go therefore and make disciples of all nations†¦ 2. To instr uct and strengthen church members in the faith and holy living   3. To help Christians to stand firm on the scriptures principles   4. To show and demonstrate Christ's love and concern for people by engaging in selective community development projects based on biblical and evangelical principles and practicesOur Vision, Mission, Goal and objectives for the Africa Inland church General Service Unit Training College Embakasi youth ministry; Vision To be a youth ministry that effectively shares our faith and hope in Jesus Christ, (Acts 20:27), Mission: To nurture the youth in church so as to nurture their peers in Christ . Goal: To inspire, train and mentor Christ like youth leaders. Objectives: 1. By the end of October 2012, fifteen youth leaders will be trained to lead at least four youth members through personal Bible study and evangelism. 2.By the end of November 2012, all the trained leaders will evangelize to at least ten people mainly the youth in our surrounding church comm unity. 3. By the end of December 2012, youth leaders will be trained on how to effectively formulate youth programs. October – 2012. |ACTIVITY |HOW TO ACCOMPLISH THE ACTIVITY |WHO TO UNDERTAKE THE ACTIVITY |COST | | A three day seminar for the| The seminar takes place weekly on |Youth pastor, Youth Patron and the youth |Total cost is ksh 20,000. 0 | |youth leaders. |Saturday’s, starting from 9:am-3:30pm |chairman to organize the other youth |The facilitators will be honored | |The seminar topic will be how |We will have two facilitators for the seminar. |leaders to attend the seminar and be |with Ksh 1,000/= on everyday of | |to lead a Bible study group and| |available on time. |attendance . Thus totalcost foe them| |evangelism | |Youth leaders attending the seminar will |will be Ksh 6,000/=. | | |be fifteen. |Tea and snacks will cost kshs | | | | |4,000/= and Lunch will be Kshs | | | | |10,000/=. | ? Evaluation; At the end of the three day training seminar the le aders will undertake an exam and some practical presentation on what they have learned in the seminar. . November 2012 |ACTIVITY |HOW TO ACCOMPLISH THE ACTIVITY |WHO TO UNDERTAKE THE ACTIVITY | COST | | Youth leaders and other five | The group will divide themselves into four |Youth Pastor, Youth patron and The youth |Approximately Ksh 17,000. | |active members will evangelize in|groups. |chairman will lead the other group. |The amount ksh 12,000/= for lunch | |the area around the church |Evangelism will be a three day ministry taking |We expect twenty participants. and kshs 5,000/= for soda and | |community. |place weekly every Saturday of the week. A door | |snacks for the get together. | | |to door and one on one evangelism method. | | | | | | | | Evaluation; After end of evangelism each group will be giving their reports on how many people were saved, challenges the met in the field, follow up procedures adopted e. g contacts of those with specialn needs and the newly converted members. †¢ Fourth Saturday we will hold get together fellowship especially to welcome the new converts from the evangelism ministry. 3. December 2012 |ACTIVITY |HOW TO ACCOMPLISH THE ACTIVITY |WHO TO UNDERTAKE THE ACTIVITY |COST | | A two day seminar for youth |The seminar will take place weekly on Saturdays. The Christian education department |Kshs 7,000. 00 will be used to | |leaders on formulating smart youth |Leaders to be trained on how to identify youth |coordinator will facilitate the seminar. |cater for tea and snacks Kshs | |programs in line with the youth |needs and how to formulate programs in line with |All the fifteen youth leaders will attend |2,500. 00 and lunch kshs 4,500. 00 | |members needs. |how to overcome and reach those needs. |the seminar. |for the two days | Evaluation There will be an exam at the end of the seminar and each leader to formulate his or her program to be presented for discussion by all youth leaders. I believe with the above training foun dation for the leaders will be an important tool to be used in the ministry to reach even more and more in the community at this time when young men and women are vulnerable to all manner of social entertainment and vices. With the help of the trained leaders we will be able to reach many and unto their personal spiritual needs.

Why Are There No Combat Photographs From the Civil War

There were many thousands of photographs taken during the Civil War, and in some ways the widespread use of photography was accelerated by the war. The most common photos were portraits, which soldiers, sporting their new uniforms, would have taken in studios. Enterprising photographers such as Alexander Gardner traveled to battlefields and photographed the aftermath of battles. Gardners photographs of Antietam, for instance, were shocking to the public in late 1862, as they depicted dead soldiers where they had fallen. In nearly every photograph taken during the war there is something missing: there is no action. At the time of the Civil War it was technically possible to take photographs that would freeze action. But practical considerations made combat photography impossible. Photographers Mixed Their Own Chemicals Photography was not far from its infancy when the Civil War began. The first photographs had been taken in the 1820s, but it wasn’t until the development of the Daguerreotype in 1839 that a practical method existed for preserving a captured image. The method pioneered in France by Louis Daguerre was replaced by a more practical method in the 1850s. The newer wet plate method employed a sheet of glass as the negative. The glass had to be treated with chemicals, and the chemical mixture was known as collodion. Not only was mixing the collodion and preparing the glass negative time-consuming, taking several minutes, but the exposure time of the camera was also lengthy, between three and 20 seconds. If you look carefully at studio portraits taken at the time of the Civil War, you’ll notice that people are often seated in chairs, or they are standing next to objects upon which they can steady themselves. That is because they had to stand very still during the time the lens cap had been removed from the camera. If they moved, the portrait would be blurred. In fact, in some photographic studios a standard piece of equipment would be an iron brace that was placed behind the subject to steady the person’s head and neck. Taking Instant Photos Was Possible By the Time of the Civil War Most photographs in the 1850s were taken in studios under very controlled conditions with exposure times of several seconds. However, there had always been a desire to photograph events, with exposure times short enough to freeze motion. In the late 1850s a process using faster reacting chemicals was perfected. And photographers working for the E. and H.T. Anthony Company of New York City, began taking photographs of street scenes which were marketed as â€Å"Instantaneous Views.† The short exposure time was a major selling point, and the Anthony Company amazed the public by advertising that some of its photographs were taken in a fraction of a second. One â€Å"Instantaneous View† published and sold widely by the Anthony Company was a photograph of the enormous rally in New York City’s Union Square on April 20, 1861, following the attack on Fort Sumter. A large American flag (presumably the flag brought back from the fort) was captured waving in the breeze. Action Photographs Were Impractical In the Field So while the technology did exist to take action photographs, Civil War photographers in the field did not use it. The problem with instant photography at the time was that it required faster-acting chemicals which were very sensitive and would not travel well. Civil War photographers would venture out in horse-drawn wagons to photograph battlefields. And they might be gone from their city studios for a few weeks. They had to bring along chemicals they knew would work well under potentially primitive conditions, which meant the less sensitive chemicals, which required longer exposure times. The Size of the Cameras Also Made Combat Photography Next to Impossible The process of mixing chemicals and treating glass negatives was extremely difficult, but beyond that, the size of the equipment used by a Civil War photographer meant that it was impossible to take photographs during a battle. The glass negative had to be prepared in the photographer’s wagon, or in a nearby tent, and then carried, in a lightproof box, to the camera. And the camera itself was a large wooden box that sat atop a heavy tripod. There was no way to maneuver such bulky equipment in the chaos of a battle, with cannons roaring and with Minià © balls flying past. Photographers tended to arrive at the scenes of battle when the action had been concluded. Alexander Gardner arrived at Antietam two days after the fighting, which is why his most dramatic photographs feature dead Confederate soldiers (the Union dead had mostly been buried).   Its unfortunate that we dont have photographs portraying the action of battles. But when you think of the technical problems faced by Civil War photographers, you cant help but appreciate the photographs they were able to take.